During the French revolution, the Constituent Assembly in 1789, after confiscating all ecclesiastical property and suppressing religious institutes, decreed the Civil Constitution of the clergy, by which bishops and parish priests had to be elected by popular vote and imposing on the clergy the oath of adherence to the Constitution itself; There were those who joined (sworn clergy) and those who did not want to do so ('refractory' clergy).

The Legislative Assembly came to power, raged against the 'refractory' clergy, reaching in 1792 to massacring 300 of them, including bishops and priests. The National Convention followed in power, issuing decrees of deportation against the 'refractory' clergy by which it was necessary to present oneself spontaneously under penalty of death; thus 2412 priests and religious were struck, deported to three areas of France, of which 829 to La Rochelle (Rochefort), among the latter we find John Baptist Duverneuil, Michael-Aloysius Brulard and Hubert of Saint Claude, three Carmelite priests, who together with their fellow deportees suffered hardships of all kinds, miserable living conditions, cruel mistreatment, because there was a tendency to eliminate them clandestinely; of the Carmelites it is known that they were priests deported in 1793 to La Rochelle, who died of hardships endured with heroic patience and strength of faith.

They were beatified along with 61 other companions of martyrdom, of whom sufficient documentation could be found, by Pope John Paul II, on October 1^st, 1995.

The decree on martyrdom was promulgated on July 2^nd, 1994. The beatification ceremony was held on October 1^st, 1995.

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1. The canonical norms concerning the procedure to be followed in the Causes of Saints are stated in the Apostolic Constitution Divinus Perfectionis Magister promulgated by John Paul II on 25 January 1983 (AAS LXXV, 1983, 349-355).

2. To initiate a Cause it is necessary that at least five years pass after the death of the candidate. This is to allow for greater balance and objectivity in the evaluation of the case and to allow the emotions of the moment to decant. There must be a clear conviction among people about his/her sanctity (fama sanctitas) and about the efficacy of his/her intercession with the Lord (fama signorum).

In July 1936, when the religious persecution began during the Spanish civil war, Father John of Jesus and the other four friars were in Lleida. The first few days they hid in the orchards near the convent, assisted by some friends and supporters. They decided to move to the nearby town of Alcarràs to seek a safe haven. But as soon as they began to move, they met a group of the armed party, who asked them to identify themselves and confess their belonging to the friars of St. Teresa. After doing so, they were immediately killed.  It was July 25, 1936.

The decree of martyrdom was promulgated on June 3, 2013. The beatification ceremony was held on October 13, 2013.

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2) If your request is accepted, we will then send you the conditions and directions for consulting the document.

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1. The canonical norms concerning the procedure to be followed in the Causes of Saints are stated in the Apostolic Constitution Divinus Perfectionis Magister promulgated by John Paul II on 25 January 1983 (AAS LXXV, 1983, 349-355).

2. To initiate a Cause it is necessary that at least five years pass after the death of the candidate. This is to allow for greater balance and objectivity in the evaluation of the case and to allow the emotions of the moment to decant. There must be a clear conviction among people about his/her sanctity (fama sanctitas) and about the efficacy of his/her intercession with the Lord (fama signorum).

Shortly after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, the community of Discalced Carmelite nuns of the monastery of St. Joseph in Guadalajara dispersed and its members, in civilian clothes, had to seek refuge elsewhere.

On July 24, 1936, three nuns, Sister Mary of the Angels of St. Joseph, Sister Maria del Pilar of St. Francis Borgia and Sister Teresa of the Child Jesus and St. John of the Cross, were surprised by a group of militiamen, who fired on them as soon as they left the building where they had sought shelter.

The first died instantly and the second in hospital, while the third, initially escaped the firing, but was shot at the city cemetery. These three nuns were the first martyrs killed during the Spanish Civil War to be beatified.

The decree on martyrdom was promulgated on March 22, 1986. The beatification ceremony was held on March 29, 1987.

PLEASE NOTE

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2) If your request is accepted, we will then send you the conditions and directions for consulting the document.

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